NBRC Therapist Multiple-Choice (TMC) Practice Exam

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• During treatment with aerosolized dornase alpha, what is the best action if a patient exhibits marked congestion and significant coughing?
• If a patient on nasal CPAP is retracting and creating fluctuating baseline pressure, what should the therapist do?
• Which oxygen delivery device provides the highest concentration of oxygen?
• What ABG result is expected for a patient with an acute on chronic episode of COPD?
• What should a respiratory therapist recommend for a 5-year-old child with a fever, difficulty breathing, and drooling?
• What does the placement of a pulmonary artery pressure catheter tip over the right lower lung field indicate?
• What does an A-aDO2 of less than 300 mm Hg correlate with in terms of respiratory function?
• What laboratory value is critical for determining the presence of a blood-borne infection?
• In a scenario where suctioning a tracheostomy tube fails, what should the therapist do first?
• What is a typical carboxyhemoglobin level for regular, frequent smokers?
• What finding on a radiograph may suggest the need for a chest tube?
• What condition might cause increased compliance in a patient with ARDS receiving mechanical ventilatory support?
• What is the most appropriate method for sterilizing used needles in a biohazard container?
• To ensure adequate ventilatory support during a bronchoscopy, what is most helpful for a patient on high levels of PEEP?
• What is most likely indicated by an elevated central venous pressure (CVP)?
• Why might a fluidically powered transport ventilator deliver fewer breaths than set?
• For a patient with a low PEEP alarm, what should a respiratory therapist investigate first?
• What change should a therapist recommend for a patient on a non-rebreathing mask at 10 L/min?
• Which values are necessary to complete the analysis of the VD/VT ratio?
• Which oxygen setting is least likely to meet a patient’s inspiratory demand when using an air-entrainment device?
• What is the most appropriate alteration in therapy for a patient with PVCs during postural drainage?
• In mechanical ventilation, which parameter is crucial for avoiding barotrauma?
• A respiratory therapist notes an SpO2 of 97% on 35% oxygen in a post-operative patient. What should be the next step in weaning?
• What is the priority action when a patient in assist/control mode exhibits significant respiratory distress?
• A respiratory therapist notes a prolonged inspiratory time and variable cycling to exhalation for a patient receiving PS ventilation. What should the therapist check next?
• A post-operative adult patient demonstrates confusion on how to use an incentive spirometer. What should the therapist do?
• What is the correct postural position for drainage of the right lateral segment?
• In the event of a patient vomiting during postural drainage, what is the respiratory therapist's first action?
• If the reservoir bag on a non-rebreather mask is collapsing with each breath, what should the therapist do?
• Prior to cardioversion of a patient in ventricular tachycardia with a pulse, what should the respiratory therapist ensure?
• When analyzing ventilatory status, what does a low Vd/VT ratio indicate?
• In emergency ventilation, what is the safest oxygen concentration for a COPD patient?
• A patient complains of an inability to stare at his computer screen at work without a tendency to fall asleep. What can be done to screen the patient for sleep apnea?
• Which parameter should a therapist monitor to ensure appropriate ventilation during pressure adjustments in a mechanical ventilator?
• For a patient with a history of cor pulmonale receiving oxygen at 2 L/min, which action is most appropriate to achieve a target SpO2 of 90%?
• When should a respiratory therapist utilize vibration therapy?
• What does a PaO2 of 75 mm Hg correlate to in terms of SpO2 at normal pH?
• During mechanical ventilation, what parameter must be monitored closely post-alveolar recruitment to avoid barotrauma?
• What should the respiratory therapist suspect if a helicopter patient's ventilator frequency and delivered tidal volume are gradually decreasing?
• In a patient undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation with metabolic acidosis, what would be the appropriate recommendation?
• What position should a respiratory therapist place the patient in to address areas with increased infiltrates?
• What does a flat pressure-volume loop indicate during mechanical ventilation?
• A galvanic fuel cell oxygen analyzer may yield erroneous results under which condition?
• Which medication is commonly prescribed for acute bacterial infections when a patient is unable to tolerate penicillin?
• Upon receiving a low-volume alarm on a ventilator, what should the therapist examine first?
• What is the effect of high-frequency jet ventilation during a bronchoscopy procedure?
• In the presence of elevated PaCO2 levels during mechanical ventilation, which factor should be assessed first?
• An AHI of 5 in a patient undergoing polysomnography indicates what condition?
• If there is an increasing gap between SaO2 values and SvO2 values while the C(a-v)O2 is also increasing, what does this indicate?
• Which of the following are the advantages of a tracheostomy airway?
• How long must a bronchoscope be soaked in Cidex to effectively disinfect it after use on a tuberculosis patient?
• What could be the issue if a self-inflating bag is easy to squeeze but shows no chest rise after oral intubation?
• Which infection prevention practice is essential to discuss with healthcare workers in a pediatric hospital setting?
• For a ventilator set to assist/control mode with an FIO2 of 0.40, what should be the minimum inspiratory flow setting?
• For a patient on mechanical ventilation with pneumonia, which action is most appropriate based on the provided arterial blood gas results?
• What is the primary effect of administering a cardiac inotropic medication?
• To effectively drain the right and left posterior segments of the lungs, how should the patient be positioned?
• What is the appropriate action when a newborn has a poor APGAR score indicating a need for immediate assistance?
• What symptom would indicate a severe respiratory impairment in a mechanically ventilated patient?
• What is advised for patients with advanced pulmonary tuberculosis who are expectorating lung tissue?
• When should a respiratory therapist consider suctioning a patient on mechanical ventilation?
• A COPD patient is unresponsive during oxygen therapy and the ECG shows ventricular tachycardia. What should the therapist do next?
• Which medication is commonly used to control inflammation in asthma?
• For a patient on PC, A/C ventilation showing symptoms of hypocapnia, what should the respiratory therapist recommend?
• What is a potential risk during the inflation of the balloon in a pulmonary artery catheter?
• Which of the following agents is most helpful for controlling a gram-positive bacterial infection in a patient allergic to penicillin?
• What should a respiratory therapist do if a pressure monometer shows +4 cm H2O before using a flow-inflating resuscitator?
• During oxygen rounds, if an oxygen flow meter reads 0 L/min despite the knob being open, which issue is most likely the cause?
• What is an appropriate oxygen delivery device for a patient requiring high concentrations of oxygen?
• A patient receiving short-term mechanical ventilation has an HME that has clogged twice with thick secretions. What should the respiratory therapist do?
• How do corticosteroids support bronchodilation?
• What medication can be prescribed for a child experiencing increased nighttime wheezing?
• What is the optimal tidal volume for a pediatric patient suspected of having impaired gas exchange?
• An 18-year-old patient with muscular dystrophy is receiving treatment for recurrent pneumonia and atelectasis. What should a respiratory therapist recommend in addition to HFCWO?
• What would you observe in a patient experiencing hypoxemia?
• What is a recommended activity to promote good alveolar aeration in a post-operative patient?
• What is the first action a respiratory therapist should take for a patient experiencing volume-controlled ventilation after surgery?
• For alkaline glutaraldehyde to act as a sterilization agent, how long must non-disposable equipment be soaked?
• In the context of mechanical ventilation, what does a steady SpO2 level typically indicate about the patient's oxygenation status?
• What immediate treatment is indicated for a patient with myasthenia gravis who presents with pneumonia?
• During placement of a pulmonary artery catheter, what does a consistent fluctuation in pressure from 0 mmHg to 25 mmHg indicate?
• If a patient on CPAP for obstructive sleep apnea experiences a small occasional leak at the mask, what should the respiratory therapist advise?
• What is the primary risk of continuous leak in a ventilated patient related to the low PEEP alarm?
• What is the acceptable percentage range for a pneumotachometer reading when performing quality control?
• Which measurement is most helpful for evaluating a patient's compliance with a smoking cessation program?
• What is a common side effect of aerosolized corticosteroids?
• What joule setting should be used on a bi-phasic defibrillator during unsynchronized conditions for the treatment of V-tach?
• What is the most likely cause if a 12 Fr. suction catheter is difficult to pass through an 8.0-mm ET tube?
• What typically causes a sharp rise in the TcO2 tracing of a newborn on monitoring?
• What is the function of a non-rebreathing mask in heliox therapy?
• Which condition would a thoracentesis be most appropriate for?
• When should a respiratory therapist consider using a higher flow oxygen device for a patient?
• While suctioning blood from the trachea with a bronchoscope following tissue extraction, the scope suddenly demonstrates no suction pressure at the end of the scope. The RT should check the:
• The results of a V/Q scan show poor perfusion with adequate ventilation. A chest radiograph shows a wedge-shaped infiltrate over the right lung field. The patient most likely has:
• Which of the following methods is associated with alveolar recruitment?
• According to ATS standards, a patient's FEV1 must increase by a minimum of what percent to demonstrate significant postbronchodilator improvement?
• What is the primary preventative measure against potential complications in mechanically ventilated patients?
• If a home care patient states their oxygen concentrator isn't functioning, what should the therapist advise they check first?
• A dusky color observed in a patient should prompt the therapist to consider which of the following tests?
• If a patient’s heart rate increases significantly during aerosolized Xopenex treatment, what should the therapist recommend?
• The best course of action for a respiratory therapist when a patient experiences low SpO2 levels during mechanical ventilation is to?
• Which lung volume measurement method is least affected by obstructive lung disease?
• For a patient who is unconscious due to serious ingestional error, which assessment is the most critical?
• In a patient undergoing mechanical ventilation, if SpO2 remains steady while PECO2 increases, what might this suggest about the patient's condition?
• If the infrared device used for capnography is not functioning properly, what would be the expected outcome related to PECO2 readings?
• What approach is indicated when a respiratory therapist treats all patients in the intensive care unit as if they have HIV and hepatitis?
• What is the effect of increasing mechanical deadspace on PaCO2?
• Which of the following items is part of a high-frequency jet ventilator system?
• What should a patient's Qs/Qt be below to qualify for ventilator weaning?
• In a volume-controlled ventilation scenario for a patient with asthma, what is the most appropriate change to address high CO2?
• In a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a low respiratory rate and decreased tidal volume are indicative of what condition?
• A patient who is positive for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia should be treated with which agent?
• What action should a respiratory therapist take if a patient is not exhaling completely before the next inhalation cycle during IPPB treatment?
• How many milliliters of a bronchodilator would be needed to deliver 10 mg of a drug at a strength of 0.5%?
• What likely causes fluctuating SpO2 in a patient with ketoacidosis receiving oxygen via air-entrainment mask?
• Which ventilator setting is most likely to contribute to respiratory alkalosis in a patient?
• What is the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after taking the deepest breath possible?
• In the event of a patient developing a tension pneumothorax, which intervention should be implemented first?
• When preparing for an arterial blood gas analysis in a patient in cardiac arrest, why is femoral artery puncture indicated?
• If the tip of a pulmonary artery catheter is positioned incorrectly over the right mid lung, what should be done?
• What consequence of prolonged oxygen therapy should a therapist monitor for in a patient receiving high levels of FiO2?
• What is the priority approach for a patient with bronchiectasis exhibiting respiratory distress during postural drainage?
• Given a patient with alkalosis and normal CO2 levels, what should the respiratory therapist recommend?
• Which adjustment is likely to significantly affect a patient's partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood plasma?
• What is the appropriate action when finding excess water in aerosol tubing?
• While estimating alveolar minute ventilation for a patient, the therapist identifies a dead space of 150 mL. What is the reported alveolar minute ventilation if the exhaled VT is 450 mL?
• In cases of asthma exacerbation, which medication is typically administered for immediate relief?
• For a patient rescued from a fire, which assessment is most helpful in evaluating smoke inhalation?
• What is the primary reason for respiratory distress in a patient being transported in a helicopter at altitude?
• If calibration results for a spirometer using a 3.0 L syringe show a maximum variance outside 2.85 L - 3.15 L, what does this indicate?
• A patient experiences tremors after using Albuterol. What is the appropriate advice for the therapist to give?
• Which therapy is least invasive and can be used to rid secretions from the upper airway?
• If the apices of the lung are not level on a PA chest radiogram, what could be the most probable reason?
• A patient receiving VC SIMV ventilation has a spontaneous tidal volume of 500 mL and a respiratory rate of 20/min. What is the RSBI value?
• Which of the following would constitute a therapeutic use of a flexible bronchoscope?
• What is the expected change in delivery methods for a patient prescribed a mixture of helium-oxygen?
• Increased asthma exacerbations during stressful times at school is most closely associated with which type of asthma?
• Upon insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter, where should the tip be located for proper placement?
• If a patient’s flow-volume loop shows a significant increase in peak flow after bronchodilator administration, what does this indicate?
• What is the likely cause of low-pressure and low exhaled volume alarms in a mechanical ventilation scenario?
• What can indicate a potential mal-placed tracheostomy tube in a patient exhibiting respiratory distress?
• What device would a therapist use to measure exhaled tidal volume when calculating a patient's RSBI?
• Which medication should be recommended for a child with asthma to address airway inflammation?
• For a patient who will be ventilator dependent at home, which device assists in maintaining airway hydration?
• How many milliliters of aerosolized medication should be prepared to deliver 30 mg of that same drug if the strength is 1.5%?
• What is the primary purpose of a nonrebreathing mask for a patient with suspected carbon monoxide poisoning?
• Where is the balloon located on a balloon-tipped, flow-directed pulmonary artery catheter?
• During IPPB treatment, what symptom would indicate a need to decrease sensitivity on the machine?
• According to the ACLS guidelines, where should the needle be placed during decompression of a tension pneumothorax?
• A patient with decreasing pulmonary compliance is on volume-controlled ventilation with an I:E ratio of 1:2 and shows increased atelectasis. What change should be made for this patient?
• In case of a patient receiving oxygen therapy and showing signs of respiratory distress, which is the most appropriate action?
• What change is expected after removing 5 inches of mechanical deadspace on a ventilator circuit?
• What PEEP level, set above a patient's plateau pressure, is appropriate for initial settings during alveolar recruitment maneuvers?
• What first response should be avoided when a patient demonstrates symptoms indicative of choking?
• To correct the decreased oxygen concentration for an infant in an oxygen hood, what should the therapist do regarding the nebulizer’s entrainment setting?
• What is the primary advantage of administering aerosolized corticosteroids compared to oral corticosteroids?
• Which addition to a mechanical ventilation circuit would most significantly affect arterial carbon dioxide levels?
• What is the most effective method for resolving atelectasis in a spontaneously breathing patient under sedation?
• Which method is recommended for a patient on mechanical ventilation requiring chest physiotherapy?
• What should the therapist do when blood gas results greatly differ from historical values?
• In which interspace should a chest tube be inserted to drain serosanguinous fluid?
• What therapeutic strategy is commonly employed to manage bronchoconstriction in asthma patients?
• Which of the following could cause focal atelectasis in the right lobe?
• What is a key strategy in the management of a patient with adult respiratory distress syndrome?
• What does a chemical indicator tape inside a sterilized package indicate?
• A 132-kg, 168-cm female who underwent a tracheotomy 2 weeks ago remains in the ICU receiving VC ventilation. After the patient is repositioned, the ventilator high-pressure alarm sounds with each breath. What should a respiratory therapist do first?
• What condition is most closely associated with an A-a gradient of 275 mmHg in a mechanically ventilated patient?
• When looking at a patient’s ABG results, which change would indicate improvement after alveolar recruitment?
• After abdominal surgery, a patient shows low blood pressure and dusky color. What should the respiratory therapist assess first?
• What is the correct needle size for an arterial puncture on an adult female patient?
• Four hours post-CABG, a patient is receiving supplemental oxygen through a nasal cannula at 2 L/min. What is the most appropriate method for evaluating the patient's response to oxygen therapy?
• After ineffective treatment with amoxicillin for a gram-positive bacteria infection, which agent is most likely to be more helpful?
• When administering epinephrine via an endotracheal tube in cardiac arrest, which procedural consideration is essential?
• What additional equipment should be provided for a chest tube insertion that will be followed by pleurodesis?
• A patient complains of shortness of breath during a nebulizer treatment with hypertonic saline. What should the respiratory therapist do first?
• What should the therapist consider if a post-operative patient's SpO2 is 94% on room air with respiratory distress?
• In the case of a ventilation emergency, what oxygen delivery should a COPD patient receive?
• For a patient requiring oxygen therapy, which delivery method is preferable if the patient is showing signs of respiratory distress?
• Which value would first indicate hypervolemia in a patient?
• What is the purpose of the water-seal chamber in a chest tube drainage system?
• Which of the following is a common consequence of severe hypoxemia?
• When a person collapses after showing the universal sign of choking, what should be the first response?
• A mechanically ventilated patient on an FIO2 of 1.0 has an A-a gradient of 275 mmHg. What does this finding indicate?
• Which therapy is most effective for a patient with depressed diaphragmatic muscle strength needing assistance in expectorating secretions?
• Left heart failure would be manifested in which of the following values?
• What are the recommended actions following the inflation of a pulmonary artery catheter balloon to aid its positioning?
• When supervising respiratory therapy, which factor is important for ensuring appropriate staffing levels?
• How many milliliters are required to deliver 25 mg of a medication at a strength of 5%?
• For a patient receiving volume-controlled ventilation, which of the following will not result in increased mean airway pressure?
• What does a widening C(a-v)O2 indicate?
• Which ventilator setting may be increased to improve a patient's autoPEEP situation?
• To conclusively diagnose a bacterial infection in a patient with pneumonia, what test is most definitive?
• Which determinations would help screen a mechanically ventilated patient for pulmonary embolism?
• A pneumotachometer is evaluated with a 3.0 L syringe, yielding three different volumes. If these values vary, what conclusion can the respiratory therapist make?
• When observing a dull percussion note over the lower posterior thorax, which position is most appropriate for postural drainage and percussion?
• What does the visibility of the vertebrae through the heart shadow indicate in a chest radiograph?
• Which condition constitutes an emergency requiring 100% oxygen supplementation?
• For a patient experiencing an acute on chronic episode with known COPD, which ABG results would be expected?
• Which equation is used to calculate the cardiac index?
• When is the best time to perform postural drainage for a patient with bronchiectasis?
• After observing bubbling in a chest drainage system, clamping the tube stops the bubbling. What can be inferred?
• When calibrating a helium analyzer, what reading should the device display when exposed to ambient room air?
• Which pulmonary function value is most affected by a large mass in the upper airway?
• In the context of heliox therapy, what principle is essential to remember when determining the flow rate?
• What is measured when performing an expiratory hold prior to the next inspiratory phase?
• Which device should NOT be used with a face mask for respiratory therapy?
• A patient with angina and suspected pulmonary hypertension should receive which of the following medications to decrease SVR?
• Which condition may be suggested if PECO2 is increasing significantly in a patient receiving mechanical ventilation?
• Which therapy method is recommended for improving cough effectiveness in patients with impaired inspiratory capacity?
• What volume is measured when a patient maximally exhales after passively exhaling normal tidal volume?
• What is the maximum negative pressure recommended for suctioning a 4-year-old patient with a 5.0 mm endotracheal tube?
• What is the most important parameter to monitor when a patient presents with suspected aspiration during respiratory therapy?
• Why is vigorous chest physiotherapy not recommended for patients with advanced pulmonary tuberculosis?
• A burn trauma patient suspected of carbon monoxide poisoning has a collapsing reservoir bag on a nonrebreathing mask. What should the therapist do?
• If a patient demonstrates signs of low oxygenation despite the use of a nasal cannula, what is the most appropriate next step?
• What is the primary purpose of a CBC performed on a patient suspected of internal organ trauma?
• What should a respiratory therapist do if a pneumotachometer shows a measurement of 2.86 L after injecting a 3.0 L syringe?
• What action should be taken if increasing PECO2 is observed with stable SpO2 in a mechanically ventilated patient?
• Which of the following is needed to calculate alveolar oxygen tension?
• What factors influence the effectiveness of a smoking cessation program?
• Where should blood be extracted for analysis of mixed venous oxygen saturation?
• In mechanical ventilation, what is the significance of a pressure support that is set too low?
• When monitoring a patient on mechanical ventilation, which parameter would indicate an effective tidal volume setting?
• If a ventilator is not delivering the set tidal volume, what should the respiratory therapist do?
• What is an important consideration when administering Xopenex via SVN through a ventilator circuit?
• What would be an appropriate test to evaluate suspicion of restrictive lung disease without prior medical history?
• In mechanical ventilation, what does the term "PEEP" refer to?
• During ventilator weaning, which action is most likely to assist a patient experiencing increased labor of breathing?
• During a full cardiopulmonary arrest, what medication is most commonly used to increase systemic blood pressure?
• What should be concluded if a pulmonary artery catheter's tip is seen over the right mid lung near the hilum on a chest radiograph?
• What might cause complications during weaning from a ventilator?
• Within 30 minutes of a motorcycle accident, a patient's chest radiograph shows increased vascular markings in the left lung field. What is the most likely explanation for these findings?
• Which of the following conditions would contraindicate chest percussion for airway clearance?
• In the case of a patient exhibiting atrial tachycardia with chest pain, dizziness, and nausea, what is the recommended intervention?
• What is the primary concern when using a self-inflating infant resuscitator with a mask?
• What is the most critical consideration for a child with a tracheostomy who cannot naturally humidify inspired gases?
• Which of the following types of patients are most often good candidates for alveolar recruitment maneuvers?
• What likely condition is indicated by elevated CVP and mPAP values in a patient?
• What does a 6-minute walk test evaluate in patients?
• In terms of respiratory therapy, how does supplemental oxygen aid patients with COPD?
• What should a respiratory therapist do first when a patient complains of their transtracheal oxygen catheter connection popping off?
• What is typically indicated by crackles upon auscultation following tracheostomy insertion due to subcutaneous emphysema?
• Which of the following antibiotics would be appropriate for a patient with gram-positive organisms and who is resistant to penicillin?
• What adjustment should be made to a ventilator if the rate appears to be lagging behind the set rate?
• Which value is most helpful in determining the presence of pulmonary emphysema in a patient with moderate obstructive pulmonary impairment?
• Which defibrillator setting is appropriate for treating a patient with ventricular tachycardia?
• When evaluating a patient for acid-base balance and ventilation status, what indicates a need for further investigation?
• What does steady SpO2 alongside increasing PECO2 indicate in a mechanically ventilated patient?
• When investigating a patient with COPD who is intubated for pneumonia, what should the therapist look for if low pressure alarms are triggered?
• What condition typically causes a decrease in pulmonary compliance in patients with ARDS?
• What is a common indicator of adequate mechanical ventilation?
• In screening a patient suspected of having pulmonary embolism, which of the following determinations is most helpful?
• What is the primary risk associated with the use of high doses of supplemental oxygen?
• A hospital has an extremely low incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Which of the following reasons may this be attributed to?
• With a one-minute APGAR score of 5, what additional equipment would be most helpful for a newborn?
• While examining a chest x-ray from an adult patient, an RT notes the presence of air bronchograms. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
• A respiratory therapist is responding to a low pressure alarm for an adult patient on a ventilator with a 6.0 mm ET tube. What should the therapist do?
• A patient receiving mechanical ventilation is noted to have decreased lung compliance. What is a common cause for this issue?
• What laboratory value indicates effective oxygenation in a patient?
• Which treatment should be recommended for a patient experiencing atrial arrhythmias and complaining of light-headedness?
• In a patient with a confirmed pneumothorax, where should the chest tube be placed?
• When a physician orders a chest radiograph for a suspected pneumonia in an ambulatory patient, which type of radiograph should be ordered?
• If a child's asthma action plan is being followed but they require rescue medication more frequently, what should the parent do?
• What effect would increasing PEEP primarily have on a patient during mechanical ventilation?
• A cardiac chronotropic medication, such as Verapamil, primarily affects which aspect of the heart's function?
• When performing cardiac compressions on a patient in complete cardiac arrest and a gastric rupture is suspected, what should the RT anticipate?
• What is the primary purpose of a 'split' sleep study?
• When adjusting the mandatory rate on a volume control ventilator in a COPD patient, which measure should the RT monitor?
• A patient has a deadspace to tidal volume ratio of 75%. If the PaCO2 is 40 mm Hg, what is the expected PECO2?
• When handling a patient with significant coughing during nebulizer treatment, what is the primary course of action?
• What is the appropriate oxygen treatment plan for a patient with chronic congestive heart failure and resting SpO2 of 89%?
• What is the natural role of leukotrienes in the body?
• A patient transferred to the ICU after surgery has low BP and dusky color. What should the therapist do first?
• If a patient exhibits ventilatory distress after tracheostomy tube reinsertion, what should the respiratory therapist do next?
• What do the ABG analysis results of pH 7.36, PCO2 43, PO2 288, HCO3 24, BE -2, and SO2 100% most likely indicate for a patient receiving FiO2 of 0.30?
• A patient remains hypoxic while receiving supplemental oxygen at FIO2 0.45 by air-entrainment device. What should the respiratory therapist recommend?
• Which medication is primarily used to anesthetize a patient's airway prior to a flexible bronchoscopy?
• If a patient receives 4 mL of a drug solution at a strength of 1.5%, how many milligrams of the drug are administered?
• What is the best position to drain the lingular, lateral, and medial segments?
• What volume is being measured when a patient exhales maximally after inhaling to inspiratory reserve volume?
• In a case of suspected myasthenia gravis, which diagnostic procedure is least indicated?
• Which technique is important to consider when managing a patient with known pulmonary conditions?
• For a patient on bi-level therapy with hypoventilation, what should be done to improve ventilation?
• What is the primary goal of using PEEP in mechanically ventilated patients?
• Which factor is critical for ensuring effective oxygen titration in a respiratory therapy department?
• What intervention is typically considered when a patient's arterial blood gas indicates respiratory acidosis?
• In a patient weighing 70 kg with a minute ventilation requirement of 15 L/min, what condition likely explains this increased ventilation?
• For a patient with severe respiratory distress, which type of medication would most directly address bronchospasm?
• What condition might lead to closed nasal passages in a newborn, causing apnea during breastfeeding?
• What could lead to a sudden low return volume alarm on a positive pressure ventilator?
• Which of the following would be most helpful at increasing a patient's functional residual capacity after surgery?
• Which of the following findings is most closely associated with increased airway resistance?
• What is the main indication for using incentive spirometry in a patient?
• Which clinical data is most crucial for assessing the effectiveness of incentive spirometry?
• How can functional residual capacity (FRC) be calculated?
• A bronchodilator medication whose strength is 0.5% must be delivered by continuous bronchodilator therapy at 10 mg/hr for 2.5 hours. How many mL will be required to be added to the nebulizer?
• What is the minute ventilation for a 180-lb (82-kg) patient with VA 6.1 L and a respiratory rate of 10?
• Which medication is primarily used to reduce airway inflammation in asthma patients?
• Which of the following is consistent with acute-on-chronic hypercapnia?
• What would be the primary consequence of using a large hole in a nasal cannula during oxygen therapy?
• What is the most effective way to ensure medication delivery via SVN to a mechanically ventilated patient?
• What assessment can help determine if a patient's FIO2 is adequate?
• When inserting a nasal pharyngeal airway, what is a key step to ensure proper placement?
• When caring for a post-bariatric surgery patient with air hunger, what should the respiratory therapist increase?
• An adult patient in the emergency department is febrile with a temperature of 40 deg C (104 deg F). What should the respiratory therapist recommend based on the ABG analysis?
• Which is the most suitable technique for a patient with muscular dystrophy and pneumonia who struggles to expectorate secretions?
• For a patient receiving volume-controlled mechanical ventilation, the lower inflection point on a pressure-volume loop can best be described as:
• What does a current oxygen index (OI) of 30 indicate about a patient previously having an OI of 35?
• Upon auscultation, what radiographic finding is expected in a patient with subcutaneous emphysema?
• A patient is exhibiting severe hypoxemia with a DNI directive. What should the therapist do to maximize arterial oxygenation?
• For an adult patient with asthma having adverse reactions to Albuterol treatments, what modification should be considered?
• During a bronchoscopy procedure, what complication should the respiratory therapist prepare for if the patient is alert and breathing spontaneously?
• A ventilator is sounding alarms for low temperature and low volume. What is the likely cause?
• If a patient exhibits worsening symptoms requiring immediate evaluation, what should be the RT's first action?
• From where should a respiratory therapist measure central venous pressure (CVP) when using a Swan-Ganz catheter?
• For a patient with obstructive airway disease, what would be an appropriate initial treatment?
• A pressure-volume loop ventilator graphic shows no rise in pressure for the first 200 mL of delivered volume. What should the therapist do?
• What positioning would be most helpful in draining the lower lobes and posterior and basal segments?
• Which indication justifies the use of FiO2 1.0 on a patient?
• What should the RT do if a high-pressure alarm sounds after adjusting the ET tube cuff pressure?
• In the case of a patient with suspected barbiturate ingestion, what is the most appropriate immediate intervention?
• In a patient showing inverted T waves on the ECG, what is the appropriate action to decrease the work of the heart?
• After abdominal surgery, which position is best for a patient on volume-control ventilation to prevent ventilator acquired pneumonia?
• What is the most crucial feature a transport ventilator must have during patient transport?
• What type of asthma is categorized as not caused by environmental exposure but rather by internal feelings and stress?
• What should the respiratory therapist evaluate to determine if a patient's perfusion is adequate?
• How can a respiratory therapist determine if a newborn needs supplemental oxygen based on APGAR scores?
• After performing a forced vital capacity maneuver, what aspect is assessed to determine measurement consistency?
• Which solution is most beneficial for a patient having difficulty clearing thick secretions while on VC A/C ventilation with HME?
• Which medication is used as a pulmonary vasodilator and to treat symptoms associated with altitude sickness?
• An adult patient who weighs 62 kg (132 lb) requires a minute ventilation of 15 L/min to maintain a PaCO2 of 36 mm Hg while receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following could explain these ventilatory requirements?
• Which condition is most likely indicated by a PaO2 of 62 mm Hg in an ARDS patient with hypoventilation?
• In terms of therapeutic interventions, what is the primary aim when managing pulmonary tuberculosis?
• Which action will decrease mean airway pressure for a patient on a mechanical ventilator in assist/control mode?
• In chest x-ray imaging, what causes lung fields to appear whiter?
• How is the accumulation of exhaled CO2 prevented in a nasal CPAP mask?
• What would be a useful assessment tool for suspected fixed upper airway obstruction?
• Which factor is most likely to contribute to the persistence of microorganisms on reusable mouthpieces after cleaning?
• If a patient in PC SIMV shows increasing PECO2, what does this potentially signify about their respiratory mechanics?
• When calculating staffing levels for a shift, which factor should be included?
• How long will a full E cylinder oxygen tank last when set to run at 5 L/min?
• For a 9-year-old asthmatic patient on mechanical ventilation receiving Xopenex, what is an important consideration for effective medication delivery?
• To monitor compliance in a smoking cessation program for pulmonary rehabilitation, which value should be evaluated?
• What is the primary purpose of aqueous quality control material in blood gas analysis?
• What lung function test is best utilized to assess responsiveness to bronchodilators in an asthma patient?
• Which intervention is often indicated for a patient exhibiting decreased oxygenation on mechanical ventilation?
• What can cause a galvanic fuel cell analyzer to read erroneously high?
• Which equipment is required to evaluate a patient's inspiratory muscle strength?
• What should a respiratory therapist do if a patient receiving non-invasive ventilatory support is suspected of having aspirated?
• After demonstrating how to use an incentive spirometer, what should a therapist instruct the patient to do?
• Given the pulmonary function data, how is Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) calculated?
• A patient with myasthenia gravis presents with a fever and suspected pneumonia. What immediate treatment is necessary?
• In assessing a patient experiencing hypoventilation, what initial changes might be noted?
• During mechanical ventilation, what implication does an increase in Vd/VT have on patient care?
• A 'flat' sound during chest percussion is most commonly associated with which of the following?
• What is the most appropriate first step for a suspected case of epiglottitis in a child?
• What should a respiratory therapist do if a patient exhibits bronchial breath sounds along with dull percussion notes?
• Which device is necessary for a respiratory therapist to determine a patient's RSBI?
• What could cause an inaccurate exhaled CO2 reading on a capnograph in a ventilator circuit?
• What condition must be present for oxygen toxicity to be a concern?
• A motorcycle accident victim has gentle bubbling in the chest tube drainage system. What action should the therapist take?
• What should a respiratory therapist evaluate when having difficulty obtaining an oxygen saturation reading from a pulse oximeter?
• What might indicate inadequate ventilation during mechanical ventilation?
• For optimal management of a patient with COPD, which oxygen therapy approach is most beneficial?
• A patient in the intensive care unit is receiving mechanical ventilation by PC SIMV. What does increasing PECO2 typically indicate?
• Which of the following is a potential complication of using a Swan-Ganz catheter?
• What is the appropriate action for a patient with asthma on volume-controlled mechanical ventilation exhibiting autoPEEP?
• Which medication is recommended for promoting bronchodilation when a patient is unresponsive to beta-agonist treatments?
• Which device is used to monitor exhaled CO2 continuously?
• What is the main purpose of Albuterol when used by a patient with asthma?
• In the context of respiratory therapy, what condition is indicated by a decreasing plateau pressure?
• What modality is most suitable for administering helium-oxygen therapy at a mixture of 70/30%?
• If the distance between plateau pressure and peak inspiratory pressure is decreasing, what does this indicate?
• Which sound, if assessed in a pediatric patient in the emergency room, indicates a potentially serious condition?
• What should a respiratory therapist suggest for a patient showing inverted T waves on an ECG to decrease the work of the heart?
• A newborn becomes apneic and cyanotic during breastfeeding. What condition should be suspected?
• A patient is demonstrating increased work of breathing and remains hypoxic despite supplemental oxygen by nonrebreathing mask. What should the respiratory therapist recommend?
• Which of the following is an example of a non-visible yet life-threatening trauma?
• Which factor can affect the effectiveness of a nebulizer treatment?
• Which ventilator mode is most suitable to help recruit alveoli?
• In a patient with ARDS who is receiving mechanical ventilation, what should be decreased to improve their outcome?
• In the case of increasing PEEP for a patient with ARDS on ventilatory support, what is the expected physiological response?
• For a patient experiencing trauma from a serious motor vehicle accident, which maneuver should be used to open the airway?
• The administration of vasoconstrictor medication would most likely result in what outcome?
• What should be the nurse's first action if a patient with an arterial line starts to show signs of distal ischemia?
• Which of the following may be used to facilitate a bronchoscopy while providing mechanical ventilatory support?
• A patient on bi-level therapy shows signs of hypoventilation. What adjustment should be made?
• In managing post-operative care for a patient on a ventilator, what is a critical component of the respiratory therapist's care plan?
• Which evaluation should the therapist suggest to determine oxygen consumption by tissues?
• What should be done if a 14-year-old patient with tachycardia on heliox needs adjustment to increase oxygen delivery?
• Calculate the minute ventilation for a 180-lb (82-kg) patient with a tidal volume of 6.1 L and a respiratory rate of 10.
• In patients with COPD, what is the maximum recommended oxygen flow rate via nasal cannula?
• For an adult patient requiring mechanical ventilation, what is an initial ventilatory setting for tidal volume?
• What does a steady pre-operative incentive spirometry goal of 2000 mL indicate for a post-surgical patient?
• What intervention is indicated for a postoperative patient having difficulty with mucus expectoration and bilateral rhonchi?
• A patient is suffering from severe mitral-valve stenosis. What clinical data is expected when using a balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheter?
• To be considered for weaning from VC A/C ventilation, a patient's A-aDO2 should be less than:
• What could explain a measurement of FRC being 50% higher by body box compared to helium dilution in a patient?
• When observing excessive bubbling in a chest tube drainage system along with low tidal volume, what should the therapist consider?
• When assessing the effectiveness of suctioning, what is a primary indicator of successful intervention?
• In a patient receiving mechanical ventilation, how is the tidal volume set based on minute ventilation and respiratory rate?
• In a patient with suspected pneumonia, which symptom is a key indicator for further testing?
• Which statement regarding non-invasive ventilation is correct?
• After using a bronchoscope on a patient with a staphylococcus infection, which method should be used to sterilize the equipment?
• If a physician wants to keep a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) open in a newborn with transposition of the great vessels, what is the recommended treatment?
• What method can be used to self-screen for the potential presence of sleep apnea?
• What should the respiratory therapist do for a patient who is hypoxic but hemodynamically unstable with a cardiac output of 3.4 L/min?
• What could cause a sudden increase in intracranial pressure from 15 mm Hg to 25 mm Hg in an NICU patient?
• What should be considered if a patient on mechanical ventilation shows a flow-time graph with inadequate exhalation phase before the next inspiratory phase?
• Blood is found in the exudate retrieved during a thoracentesis. This is most likely associated with:
• What is the expected treatment for a patient with a suspected pulmonary embolism?
• What postural drainage position is most conducive to draining the basal, anterior, and lateral segments?
• Which respiratory therapy intervention is best suited for a patient recovering from smoke inhalation?
• In a case of a patient with hyperlucency in the left chest, where should the chest tube be placed?
• In CPAP therapy, which type of resistor is not responsible for pressurizing the circuit?
• What medication is most appropriate for a patient undergoing volume-controlled ventilation after bariatric surgery?
• In assessing a patient's blood gas, what does a low PaO2 suggest?
• Which finding during a physical assessment suggests an obstructive lung disorder?
• A spontaneously breathing patient has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.38 PaCO2 42 mmHg PaO2 76 mmHg HCO3- 24 mEq/L BE 0 mEq/L. Which of the following supplemental oxygen levels is most appropriate?
• A patient in the ICU for treatment of right-sided pneumonia would optimize gas exchange in which position?
• Which of the following would indicate that the prescribed airway clearance efforts are effective?
• What is a recommended method to help a patient understand instructions for pulmonary function testing?
• What is the minimum inspiratory flow setting for a patient on Assist/control mode with given ventilator parameters?
• What should a therapist do if a nonrebreather mask reservoir collapses completely during heliox therapy?
• In which position should a patient be placed to receive chest physiotherapy for secretions in the upper lobes, anterior segments of the lungs?
• Which set of data is NOT consistent with a patient diagnosed with mixed restrictive and obstructive pulmonary defects?
• A thoracentesis is performed by inserting a large bore needle into the pleural space between the:
• When pronounced 'Q' waves are observed on the ECG of an asymptomatic patient, the RT should:
• What should a therapist recommend if the inflection points indicate a pulmonary artery catheter is improperly placed?
• What could cause a higher oxygen percentage than the set FIO2 in an air-entrainment device?
• What is the minimum flow rate that should be set on a volume-controlled ventilator?
• A patient in a multiple-vehicle accident displays signs of aspiration and significant neck trauma. What should the respiratory therapist recommend?
• Which position is best for drainage of the anterior segments of the upper lobes in a patient who can tolerate position changes?
• Which patient assessment will be crucial for those in the intensive care unit with altered mental status?
• What effect does nitric oxide (NO) have on pulmonary vascular resistance?
• In the context of ventilation, what is considered a potential indicator for intubation?
• What would be most helpful in determining where to focus chest physiotherapy on a patient with mucoviscidosis?
• When a respiratory therapist notices the pressure manometer needle falls back to -10 cm H2O during IPPB therapy, what should they do to address this?
• What type of infection is Levofloxacin particularly effective against in patients with pulmonary conditions?
• A patient is in status asthmaticus after several unsuccessful bronchodilator treatments. Which medication could be helpful?
• Which of the following medications may be delivered by instillation down the ETT during ACLS efforts?
• What is a possible cause for unchanged SpO2 values despite increasing PECO2?
• A therapist observes a sudden low return volume alarm on a ventilator. What is the likely cause?
• A sharp rise in the CO2 on a capnograph during mechanical ventilation indicates what event?
• What is the appropriate action if a patient with an 8.0-mm fenestrated tracheostomy tube has a cuff pressure of 18 mm Hg while breathing spontaneously?
• From which location should a mixed venous sample for PvO2 measurement be taken?
• Which procedure is recommended to determine the etiology of a pleural effusion?
• What is the best method for monitoring the pulmonary compliance of a patient with ARDS on mechanical ventilation?
• For close monitoring of a patient with congestive heart failure, what recommendation should the therapist make?
• Which adjustment would help a patient experiencing claustrophobia while using a Venti mask?
• Which of the following medications is both a vasoconstrictor and an agent that increases the strength of cardiac contraction?
• Which medication can be used as a pulmonary vasodilator and for altitude sickness symptoms?
• An aerosolized bronchodilator is being administered to a patient. The dose is 5.0 mL and the drug strength is 2.0%. How many milligrams of the drug will be administered?
• What volumes should the respiratory therapist examine to calculate vital capacity?
• When initiating mechanical ventilation, what factors should be adjusted for optimal flow rates?
• After a patient tolerates poorly a nebulizer treatment with mucomyst, what is the next appropriate action?
• Which calculation will determine inspiratory capacity (IC)?
• What is the primary purpose of Beclovent (beclomethasone) for a patient with asthma?
• What conclusion might a therapist draw from a chest radiograph indicating fused vertebrae in a patient with kyphoscoliosis?
• A patient with COPD and no reduction in bacteria level after various antibiotic therapies should be recommended which medication?
• What role does peak expiratory flow rate play in assessing asthma control?
• Which laboratory examination is crucial for assessing a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis?
• What would NOT increase if the inspiratory flow is increased on a time-cycled ventilator with no pressure limit?
• What is the best initial action if a patient's oxygen saturation is fluctuating while on a high flow oxygen device?
• Under what condition is it most critical to maintain a proper seal with an infant resuscitator mask?
• Which medical condition should a respiratory therapist consider for anticoagulant treatment with Lovenox?
• What should a respiratory therapist do first when a patient is found less responsive with a weak pulse and a high heart rate?
• What is the best method for confirming proper placement of an endotracheal tube immediately following intubation?
• What medication would be ineffective when attempting to accommodate a cough reflex during bronchoscopy?
• Which test result would be most helpful for determining the need for Bi-level therapy with supplemental oxygen?
• Which device is the most appropriate for ensuring airway hydration for a ventilator-dependent patient during the night?
• Which is the most appropriate modification for a patient experiencing distress during postural drainage and percussion?
• A respiratory therapist checks a jet nebulizer with an entrainment setting of 35%, but measures a concentration of 45% with an oxygen analyzer. What is the best explanation for this finding?
• Which calculation can be used to determine Total Lung Capacity (TLC)?
• Which calculation can be used to determine functional residual capacity (FRC)?
• In which situation might you choose non-invasive ventilation as a treatment modality?
• In the presence of a high-flow device, what should be checked if a patient is showing signs of hypoxia?
• What is the primary function of the water-seal chamber in a chest tube drainage system?
• During spontaneous expiration in a patient on SIMV mode, if the pressure exceeds the set PEEP, what should the therapist do?
• What instruction should be provided to a patient with COPD using a small-volume jet nebulizer for bronchodilator treatment?
• When an RT observes a reduction in chest expansion on the left side during palpation of a patient receiving ventilatory support, what should they do first?
• Which finding might be present on the chest X-ray of a patient with advanced pulmonary tuberculosis?
• In which order should airway clearance therapies be administered?
• What is the key indicator that signifies the need for CPAP in a hypoxic patient?
• What should a respiratory therapist recommend for a patient with a high CO2 level who is receiving mechanical ventilation?
• What significant threat to ventilation occurs during fiberoptic bronchoscopy?
• What action should a respiratory therapist take when a chest tube shows no significant drainage?
• What kind of monitoring should be focused on when examining pulmonary function metrics for irregularities?
• Which of the following influences the effectiveness of bronchodilator delivery via aerosol devices during mechanical ventilation?
• Why might an oxygen flow meter reading higher than the actual flow indicate an issue while using heliox?
• Changes in fluid balance in a patient may indicate which condition?
• Which indication would suggest a need for further assessment during the 6-minute walk test?
• What is the most likely appearance of a flow-volume pulmonary function loop in a patient with COPD?
• What calculation is needed to determine the total milligrams when administering a bronchodilator at 10 mg/hr for 2.5 hours if it’s at a strength of 0.5%?
• Which medication is appropriate for controlling withdrawal symptoms in a long-term smoker?
• When should a respiratory therapist consider a medication's percentage strength?
• In the case of carbon monoxide poisoning, which result should the respiratory therapist evaluate for oxygen transport adequacy?
• What is the most appropriate action for a patient exhibiting hypoxemia with a low cardiac output?
• A patient with moderate ventilatory distress is placed on 70/30% heliox by a nonrebreather. What should the therapist do if the reservoir on the mask collapses completely with each breath?
• What radiographic procedure is useful for diagnosing a pleural effusion?
• Which condition may be related to a fluid balance problem in a patient?
• What condition is indicated by the abnormal elevation of the left hemidiaphragm on a chest radiograph?
• In patients experiencing hypoxia, what is the primary goal of treatment?
• What should a respiratory therapist use immediately after inserting an indwelling arterial line to prevent clot formation?
• For proper functioning of a small-volume nebulizer, which factor must be considered?
• What would be a primary nursing intervention for monitoring a patient with potential internal bleeding post-abdominal surgery?
• What might be a clinical priority if PECO2 is increasing while lung function indicators appear normal?
• If a patient with COPD becomes unconscious and cyanotic while preparing for MDI administration, what should the therapist do?
• A patient with ARDS has ABG results showing pH 7.28, PaCO2 52 mm Hg, and PaO2 62 mm Hg. What should the respiratory therapist recommend?
• In a patient found unconscious with a suspected drug overdose, what should the respiratory therapist recommend considering the provided ABG data?
• Which of the following conclusions can be drawn when PECO2 is increasing during mechanical ventilation?
• When adjusting ET tube cuff pressure using the minimal leak technique, what is the first step?
• In a critically ill patient receiving mechanical ventilation, what should the respiratory therapist recommend for fluid overload?
• A patient on volume-controlled ventilation has a blood gas indicating adequate ventilation but is hypoxic. If PEEP is increased and cardiac index drops significantly, what should the therapist do next?
• Which equipment is required for the administration of heliox therapy?
• What is the relative humidity of the inspired gas of a patient who is intubated if the humidity deficit is 33 mg/L?
• What could the respiratory therapist conclude from inaccurate results using a calibrated syringe for pulmonary function testing?
• A patient with ARDS may benefit most from which medication to decrease alveolar surface tension?
• In the setting of increasing PECO2, what assessment might be critical to perform next?
• When monitoring a patient after a myocardial infarction, what is a good estimation of the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) based on systolic and diastolic pressures of 24 mmHg and 7 mmHg?
• What is the percentage of lung collapse at which chest tube insertion is indicated in a partial pneumothorax?
• What is the main therapeutic action of nitroglycerin in the context of angina?
• In which situation is a pulmonary artery catheter most useful?
• What is the significance of a negative inspiratory force (NIF) result of -4 cm H2O in a weaning patient?
• Which quality improvement effort is appropriate for a respiratory therapy department?
• What principle governs the management of hypoventilation in ventilated patients?
• Which condition could possibly be present in a patient with elevated CVP and normal PAP?
• In managing a patient suspected of barbiturate ingestion, what is the best course of action to improve oxygenation?
• Which imaging technique is best for assessing organ function within the liver?
• What could explain an unusually high arterial oxygen level for a patient breathing room air?
• What is the most appropriate first step if a patient on transtracheal oxygen experiences disconnection issues?
• In providing care to a patient on mechanical ventilation, what is the purpose of the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)?
• When monitoring a patient’s respiratory status, what is a sign of respiratory distress that requires immediate attention?
• In mechanical ventilation, what does consistent observation of increasing PECO2 signify in relation to alveolar ventilation?
• What is the primary function of digitalis in patient care?
• A patient in a sleep lab has an AHI of 55 after a polysomnographic study. What should the respiratory therapist recommend next?
• To evaluate the distribution of inhaled gases in an obstructive patient, which phase of the nitrogen elimination test should be observed?
• The respiratory therapist notes in the medical record of a patient ordered to receive bronchodilator therapy with Albuterol, who is also on beta-blocker medication. What should the therapist recommend?
• Significant presence of protein in the spinal fluid is indicative of which condition?
• Which of the following is the most determinant of cough effectiveness?
• In assessing lung compliance during mechanical ventilation, what does a flat pressure-volume loop typically indicate?
• Given the blood gas and CO-oximeter results indicating conflicting oxygen saturation values, what should the respiratory therapist do?
• For a patient with an elevated white blood cell count, what likely condition is suspected?
• What is the most common complication associated with endotracheal intubation?
• What issue should be addressed when a patient continues smoking despite nicotine replacement therapy?
• After using the minimum occluding volume technique on an intubated patient, what should the respiratory therapist do next?
• What is the appropriate cuff pressure for a tracheostomy tube immediately following insertion?
• A manometer is being used to monitor a continuous-flow mask CPAP device set at 10 cm H2O. What is the most likely cause if the pressure decreases to 2 cm H2O upon inhalation?
• What should the respiratory therapist do if a patient's tracheostomy tube is expelled after an explosive cough during hygiene care?
• What kind of anti-ischemic medications would cause dilation of the coronary vessels?
• L/min/m2 is the unit of measure for:
• Which condition could lead to an increased risk of aspiration in ventilated patients?
• What is the best method to determine if a patient understands instructions for MDI use?
• While providing manual ventilation, the respiratory therapist notices little chest movement and a "hissing" sound during manual inspiratory attempts. What should the therapist do?
• In a patient on mechanical ventilation, which statement is NOT accurate regarding their condition when peak pressures are decreasing?
• Which medications can be used to treat candidiasis?
• What is the most common complication associated with the placement of a pulmonary artery catheter?
• During ACLS, if the physician is unable to palpate a radial pulse and BP is 25/5 mm Hg, what should the RT do?
• What is expected to decrease if inspiratory flow is reduced but the respiratory rate remains unchanged?
• Which assessment finding would best indicate a need for increased oxygen flow in a patient receiving supplemental oxygen?
• BID is a common frequency order for which of the following respiratory medications?
• When alveolar recruitment is effective, how will the pressure-volume ventilator graphic appear?
• In assessing a patient's readiness for extubation, which factor is most critical?
• A patient is being weaned from VC SIMV ventilation. What should the RT recommend when the patient shows disorientation and confusion?
• What is indicated by a high arterial carbon dioxide (PCO2) level in an ABG analysis?
• What should be monitored closely in a patient with increased work of breathing on a ventilator?
• What should be the first step for a patient on VC, A/C ventilation with poor laboratory data?
• Which parameter is a good indicator of respiratory muscle strength in patients on ventilators?
• During positive pressure ventilation, what might a low tidal volume indicate in a patient?
• Which agent is appropriate for sterilizing a bronchoscope tube after bronchoscopy?
• A motorcycle accident victim presents with massive bleeding. What is the first action a respiratory therapist should take?
• What is most attributed to effective alveolar recruitment?
• What should a therapist evaluate when a patient's end-tidal CO2 levels differ significantly from arterial CO2 levels?
• What should a respiratory therapist conclude if they observe a very flat pressure-volume loop during VC A/C ventilation?
• In a mechanical ventilation scenario, what does an elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) indicate?
• What should a respiratory therapist do when a patient has difficulty keeping their lips tight around the IPPB mouthpiece?
• Effective alveolar recruitment will be manifested by which of the following clinical outcomes?
• What is the purpose of applying higher-than-normal pressure to the alveoli during recruitment maneuvers?
• To improve gas exchange in a patient with ARDS receiving volume-controlled ventilation, what mode should be used?
• What is the impact of an increased A-aDO2 gradient greater than 300 mm Hg?