For a patient with severe respiratory distress, which type of medication would most directly address bronchospasm?

Bronchodilators are the most direct choice for addressing bronchospasm, which is a narrowing of the airways that can occur during respiratory distress. These medications work by relaxing the muscles surrounding the airways, leading to dilation and increased airflow to the lungs. They are often used in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) where bronchospasm is a central feature.

Corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory medications that can be beneficial in managing chronic inflammation in the airways but do not provide immediate relief from bronchospasm. Antihistamines primarily target allergic reactions by blocking histamine receptors and do not directly relax bronchial smooth muscle. Expectorants help in thinning mucus, making it easier to cough up, but they do not address the underlying issue of airway constriction. Therefore, bronchodilators are essential in managing acute bronchospasm and providing symptomatic relief in situations of severe respiratory distress.